Master GCSE History with our interactive study cards designed for effective learning. These flashcards use proven spaced repetition techniques to help you memorize key concepts, definitions, and facts. Perfect for students, professionals, and lifelong learners seeking to improve knowledge retention and ace exams through active recall practice.
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1914
1918
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo
Militarism and Alliances and Imperialism and Nationalism
Triple Alliance and Triple Entente
Germany and Austria-Hungary and Italy
Britain and France and Russia
Germany's strategy to quickly defeat France then attack Russia
A type of combat where soldiers fought from systems of trenches
The area between opposing trenches in WWI
Psychological trauma suffered by soldiers in WWI
Compulsory military service for men
Major WWI battle in 1916 with massive casualties
Longest single battle of WWI showing French determination
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in 1918
The Zimmermann Telegram and unrestricted submarine warfare
Peace treaty that ended WWI between Germany and the Allies
War guilt clause and reparations and military restrictions and territorial losses
The war guilt clause blaming Germany for the war
International organization created to maintain world peace
1917
Military defeats and economic hardship and loss of confidence in Tsar Nicholas II
Revolution that led to the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II
Bolshevik seizure of power in Russia in 1917
Vladimir Lenin
Lenin's temporary return to some capitalist practices
Economic plan to rapidly industrialize the Soviet Union
Stalin's policy of combining small farms into large collective farms
Soviet system of forced labor camps
Stalin's campaign to eliminate perceived enemies in the 1930s
October 1929
Overproduction and speculation and the Wall Street Crash
Mass unemployment and political instability
President Roosevelt's programs to combat the Great Depression
Adolf Hitler
National Socialist German Workers' Party
January 1933
Law that gave Hitler dictatorial powers in 1933
Hitler's purge of SA leaders in 1934
Anti-Jewish laws passed by the Nazis in 1935
Night of Broken Glass - coordinated attacks on Jews in 1938
Information and ideas spread to promote Nazi ideology
Joseph Goebbels
Nazi organization for young people
Nazi concept of living space for German people
Giving in to aggressive demands to avoid conflict
1938 agreement allowing Germany to annex the Sudetenland
September 1939
Germany's invasion of Poland
Period of little military activity in early WWII
German lightning war tactics using speed and surprise
German air campaign against Britain in 1940
Winston Churchill
German bombing campaign against British cities
German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941
The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
December 7 1941
Allied invasion of Nazi-occupied France on June 6 1944
Normandy beaches in France
May 8 1945
Victory in Europe Day marking Germany's surrender
August 15 1945
The atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Nazi systematic murder of six million Jews
Camps where Nazis imprisoned and killed millions
Nazi plan to exterminate all European Jews
Largest Nazi concentration and extermination camp
Overcrowded areas where Jews were forced to live
Attempts by victims to fight back against Nazi persecution
1942 meeting where Nazis planned the Final Solution
Nazi war criminals were put on trial after WWII
Barrier separating Soviet-controlled Eastern Europe from the West
Period of tension between USA and USSR after WWII
American aid program to rebuild Western Europe
North Atlantic Treaty Organization - Western military alliance
Soviet military alliance with Eastern European countries
Soviet attempt to force Allies out of West Berlin in 1948
Allied supply operation to break the Berlin Blockade
1961
1989
1962 confrontation between USA and USSR over missiles in Cuba
American campaign against suspected communists in the 1950s
Competition between USA and USSR to achieve space exploration milestones
Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin
First artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1957
July 20 1969
1956 conflict over the Suez Canal involving Britain France and Israel
Process of colonies gaining independence from European powers
1947 division of British India into India and Pakistan
System of racial segregation in South Africa
South African leader who fought against apartheid
Campaign for equal rights for African Americans
Leader of the American Civil Rights Movement
1955 protest against segregated public buses
1963 civil rights demonstration where King gave his famous speech
Laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States
1954 Supreme Court case that declared school segregation unconstitutional
Campaign for women's right to vote
1918 for women over 30 and 1928 for all women over 21
Leader of the British suffragette movement
Demonstrations and hunger strikes and civil disobedience
Law allowing temporary release of hunger-striking suffragettes
Women took on new roles proving their capabilities
Period of major technological and social change from the 1750s
Steam engines and later electricity
Dangerous and unhealthy with long hours and low pay
Employment of children in factories and mines during industrialization
Laws improving working conditions and limiting child labor
1832 law that extended voting rights to middle-class men
Taxes on imported grain that kept bread prices high
Movement demanding political reforms including universal male suffrage
Devastating famine in Ireland from 1845-1852
The potato famine and poverty
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